Can oral microbiome dysbiosis affect the behavior of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)? : Narrative review

Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex developmental characterised by several levels of social interaction and communication difficulties. The prevalence children with ASD worldwide is around 1:160, the number cases autism has increased significantly. oral microbiome a diverse microbial biofilm second most microbiota in human body after gut. Several factors, such as lifestyle health, can influence microbiome’s composition metabolism. Children generally have poorer hygiene suffer from periodontal disease dental caries more than typical children; this associated behavioural disturbances, limitations, motoric eating habits side effects drugs. Continued dysbiosis lead to gut dysbiosis. There two hypotheses for transmission bacteria gut, via hematogenous route or enteral route. Gut may regulate behaviour, emotional dissonance anxiety, through blood-brain-barrier gut-brain-axis pathways. When there inflammation tissue children, it cause lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage blood-brain barrier (BBB) that an inflammatory response disrupt metabolic activity central nervous system. Oral dysbiosis, which continues into affect behaviour gut-brain axis. This review aims determine impact on ASD.